十條不可不知的攝影用光技巧

laozai · 發(fā)表于 2010-8-29 14:57:00|來自：廣東肇慶

十條不可不知的攝影用光技巧<blockquote jquery1283057613609="6" style="DISPLAY: none;">A broad light source And tips on how you can apply them to your photography.</blockquote>  <blockquote jquery1283057613609="7" style="DISPLAY: none;">By Dan Richards Posted June 16, 2010</blockquote>作者：丹·理查茲時間：2010年6月16日<blockquote jquery1283057613609="8" style="DISPLAY: none;">1. The broader the light source, the softer the light. The narrower the source, the harder the light. A broad light source lessens shadows, reduces contrast, suppresses texture. A narrow light source does the opposite. This is because, with a broad source, light rays hit your subject from more directions, which tends to fill in shadows and give more even illumination to the scene.</blockquote>   No.1 光源越廣，光線越柔和     相反的，光源越窄，光線越硬。廣泛的光源能夠弱化陰影、降低對比、抑制紋理，較窄的光源則作用相反。這是因為光源越廣，射在物體上光線的方向就越多，這會起到增加場景中的照明、減少陰影的作用。   <blockquote jquery1283057613609="9" style="DISPLAY: none;">Tip: Position a portrait subject near a large, bright window that does not receive direct sunlight. It makes for a no-cost softbox— no studio equipment necessary.</blockquote>小提示：將人像主體安排在一扇不受陽光直射且大而亮的窗戶邊，窗戶可以起到柔光箱的效果，不再需要影室專用設(shè)備。<blockquote jquery1283057613609="10" style="DISPLAY: none;">2. The closer the light source, the softer the light. The farther the source, the harder the light. This stands to reason: Move a light closer, and you make it bigger—that is, broader—in relation to your subject. Move it farther away, and you make it relatively smaller, and therefore more narrow.</blockquote>   No.2 光源越近，光線越柔和      相反的，光源越遠，光線越硬。這是因為當光源離被攝體越近，相對的就越大，也就是越廣；而當光源離被攝體越遠，相對的就越小，也就是越窄。   <blockquote jquery1283057613609="11" style="DISPLAY: none;">Think about the sun, which is something like 109 times the diameter of the earth—pretty broad! But, at 93 million miles away, it takes up a very small portion of the sky and hence casts very hard light when falling directly on a subject.</blockquote>    以太陽為例，太陽的直徑是地球的109倍，它本是一個相當廣的光源！但是太陽距地球9300萬英里（約1.5億千米），只占地球天空非常小的一小部分，因此當陽光直射在物體上時光線就很硬。<blockquote jquery1283057613609="12" style="DISPLAY: none;">Tip: When photographing people indoors by available light, move lamps closer to them or vice versa for more flattering light.</blockquote>小提示：在室內(nèi)用現(xiàn)有燈光拍攝人像時，可以通過改變光源與被攝體間距離的方法使照片的光線更加動人。<blockquote jquery1283057613609="13" style="DISPLAY: none;">3. Diffusion scatters light, essentially making the light source broader and therefore softer. When clouds drift in front of the sun, shadows get less distinct. Add fog, and the shadows disappear. Clouds, overcast skies, and fog act as diffusion—something that scatters the light in many directions. On overcast or foggy days, the entire sky, in effect, becomes a single very broad light source—nature’s softbox.</blockquote>   No.3 漫散射能夠分散光線，使光源變廣、光線變?nèi)?lt;b class="label bg2" jquery1283057613609="101">     運用漫散射分散光線的實質(zhì)還是使光源變廣，從而達到柔化光線的目的。當云層遮擋住陽光，物體上的陰影會明顯減少，如果有霧，陰影則會消失。云層、陰沉的天空和大霧都會使光線發(fā)生漫射，漫射會將光線分散向各個方向。陰天和霧天時，整個天空會變成一個非常廣的光源，一個天然的柔光箱。   <blockquote jquery1283057613609="14" style="DISPLAY: none;">Tip: Materials such as translucent plastic or white fabric can be used to diffuse a harsh light source. You can place a diffuser in front of an artificial light, such as a strobe. Or, if you're in bright sun, use a light tent or white scrim to soften the light falling on your subject.</blockquote>小提示：半透明塑料或白色織物等材料都可以用來漫射強烈的光線。你可以在人工光源─如影室閃光燈前加一個柔光罩；如果在明亮的陽光下，也可以使用柔光篷或柔光箱來柔化光線。<blockquote jquery1283057613609="15" style="DISPLAY: none;">4. Bouncing light acts as diffusion. Aim a narrow light source at a broad, matte surface—such as a wall, ceiling, or matte reflector—and it not only reflects the light but also diffuses it by scattering it over a wider area.</blockquote>   No.4 在反射中漫射光線     將一束較窄的光線射在一個較大的磨砂表面上，如墻壁、屋頂或磨砂反光板等，光線在反射的過程中會發(fā)生被漫射到較寬廣的區(qū)域。   <blockquote jquery1283057613609="16" style="DISPLAY: none;">Use a shiny refiector, though, and the light will stay fairly narrow on the bounce. The most extreme type of shiny refiector—a mirror—will keep the light focused pretty much as narrowly in the refiection.</blockquote>    但是如果使用光面反光板，光線被反射后仍然會很窄。鏡子是一種極端的光面反光板，它反射的光線幾乎與入射光線一樣窄。<blockquote jquery1283057613609="17" style="DISPLAY: none;">Tip: Crumple a big piece of aluminum foil, spread in out again, and wrap it around a piece of cardboard, shiny side out. It makes a good reflector that’s not quite as soft in effect as a matte white surface—great for adding sparkly highlights.</blockquote>小提示：將一大塊鋁箔揉成團，展開后將亮面向外，包在一塊紙板上，一塊柔光反光板就做好了。雖然這種自制反光板的漫射效果不如白色磨砂反光板，但它能在照片中增加閃閃發(fā)亮的光點。<blockquote jquery1283057613609="18" style="DISPLAY: none;">5. The farther the light source, the more it falls off— gets dimmer on your subject. The rule says that light falls off as the square of the distance. That sounds complicated, but isn’t really. If you move a light twice as far from your subject, you end up with only one-quarter of the light on the subject.</blockquote>

FGWZXG · 發(fā)表于 2011-10-24 16:38:36|來自：廣東肇慶

本帖最后由觀眾教育于 2015-7-29 20:16 編輯

知識改變認識

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紅杏尚書 · 發(fā)表于 2012-3-12 07:43:16|來自：廣東肇慶

本帖最后由觀眾教育于 2015-7-29 20:16 編輯

好貼，學(xué)習(xí)了。

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十條不可不知的攝影用光技巧

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